Astronomy took a leading role in the BNE since its origin and Royal Library. The interest of royalty for the study of the sky is reflected in the world's book heritage preserved.

The BNE custody great works of Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton, etc., scientists to experimentation and observation as a basis of their studies to explain the universe, thus initiating modern science and laying the foundations for a sky mapping supported in research and scientific observation of nature.

In addition to these works, is a valuable custody sky mapping that reflects the evolution of thinking around cosmológicos models of the universe and the representation of the celestial bodies in the sky.

The collection of celestial maps for the BNE consists of a broad representation of case studies from earlier rows, tables or star catalogs, who tried to explain the regular movements of bright spots in the night sky, until the bulky atlas of the 17th to 19th centuries, period of the star atlas published more beautiful.

A small star trek, which helps us understand our position in the universe and enjoy our Bibliographic Heritage.